Loading...
Welcome to Geological Journal of China Universities ! Today is
Share:

Table of Content

    18 February 2024, Volume 30 Issue 01
    Predicting Permeability of Porous Media from Pore Structure Features of Slices by Machine Learning
    MENG Yinquan, JIANG Jianguo, WU Jichun
    2024, 30(01):  1-11.  DOI: 10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2022088
    Asbtract ( 67 )   PDF (3148KB) ( 62 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Using machine learning models to predict the permeability of porous media is one of the key research directions of current pore-scale models. Since three-dimensional porous media data cannot be directly applied to classical machine learning models, it is necessary to perform feature extraction on the pore s pace structure. Deep learning, as the advancement of classical machine learning models, has achieved many successes in predicting permeability from three-dimensional digital images of porous media, but the computational cost is quite high. This study extracted pore structure features of slices of porous media, converting digital images into multidimensional vectors and serving as input to machine learning models. While reducing the amount of input data and greatly improving the training efficiency, the models maintained excellent prediction performance, where the long short -term memory (LSTM) neural network achieved the best results.
    Synthesis Technology and Application of Red Mud Based Layered Double Hydroxide
    JIANG Yimei, SHEN Zhengtao
    2024, 30(01):  12-21.  DOI: 10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2022065
    Asbtract ( 54 )   PDF (1410KB) ( 42 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Red mud is a highly alkaline waste produced in the process of refining alumina from bauxite. Due to the rapid development of the aluminum industry, the annual discharge of red mud in the world has seriously exceeded the environmental load, resulting in huge disposal pressure and pollution risks. Therefore, the efficient utilization of red mud as a resource is imminent. The preparation of layered double hydroxide (LDH) from red mud is a circulating route, and has the potential for large-scale industrialization. This paper reviews the research progress of red mud based LDH synthesis technology and application. It is found that the main synthesis processes include co-precipitation, calcination-hydration and mechanochemical methods. The synthesized red mud-based LDH type is affected by bauxite composition and smelting technology. Significant impact. Red mud based LDH is typically used as an absorbent to remove inorganic pollutants and capture CO2, and it is also a new environmentally friendly halogen-free flame retardant additive. Red mud based LDH is also an excellent photocatalyst, and the introduction of impurities(Fe2O3) in red mud leads to the local construction of heterostructures, which is beneficial to the separation and transfer of photosensitive electrons and holes. Finally, this paper puts forward the following prospects: (1) In the context of carbon neutral targets, the preparation of red mud based LDH meets the sustainable development goals such as “circular economy” and has practical potential for large-scale

    application, and the synthesis and application research should be vigorously promoted; (2) It should focus on how to further optimize the synthesis process, improve yield, enhance sustainability (such as introducing other wastes as divalent metal sources), improve synthesis specificity, and reduce the environmental risk of red mud-based LDH in the application process; (3) Understand the relationship between LDH properties and its performance, and exploit the advantages of the heterostructure of red mud based LDH achieve a more efficient a pplication.

    Analogue Modeling of Fault Evolution of Central Uplift Belt in Huimin Sag, Bohai Bay Basin
    WANG Yandi, WANG Maomao, YAN Bing, TANG Mengjing, JIA Hongyi
    2024, 30(01):  22-35.  DOI: 10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2022075
    Asbtract ( 59 )   PDF (6031KB) ( 73 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The Huimin Depression is located in the western part of the Jiyang Depression in the Bohai Bay Basin, which has undergone a north-south extension during the Cenozoic period, forming a typical half graben structure. In the plane, a NE to near-EW oriented transtensional fault system is formed in the Central Uplift Belt (CUB) of the Huimin Sag. Vertically, the fault system of the CUB shows the characteristics from en-echelon to gradual connection from deep to shallow level. The structural characteristics of the Huimin CUB fault system have been well characterized, but its kinematic processes and controlling factors remain descriptive. In this paper, a set of transtensional analog modeling experiments are designed to investigate the faults evolution of the Huimin CUB. Our experiment reproduces the three stages of the fault system in the CUB of the Huimin Sag from early isolated segmentation, lateral propagation, and finally linking in the plane. In the profiles, the experimental results also correspond well to the structural changes of the CUB from a conjugate structure to a stepped faulting pattern along the strike. Based on the strain analysis by particle imaging velocimetry (PIV), this paper constructs a three-stage strain-distance statistics diagram for each segmented fault. It reveals the structural evolution of each segmental fault from early disconnected through lateral growth, from soft- to hard- linkage. This paper reveals the mechanism of faults development in the Huimin CUB based on sandbox analog modeling experiments. It can provide insights for the study of fault evolution and hydrocarbon forma tion in other similar transtensional basins.
    Topological Structures, Fractal Characteristics of Fault Systems and Their Relationships with Hydrocarbon Accumulation in the Western#br# Wenchang A Sag, the Pearl River Mouth Basin
    MA Saiting, HU Lin, LI Ming, WANG Di, CHEN Lin, CHENG Yanjun, XU Bin, WU Zhiping
    2024, 30(01):  36-46.  DOI: 10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2022087
    Asbtract ( 38 )   PDF (2514KB) ( 24 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to clarify the relationship between characteristics of the fault network system and oil-gas distribution in a petroleum basin, fault systems of each layer were analyzed from a case study of the western area of Wenchang A sag in ZhuIII Depression. The topological structures and fractal characterristics of the fault network system were quantitatively characterized, and their relationship with hydrocarbon distribution was discussed based on the analysis of nodes and branch types and the calculation of fractal dimensions. The results show that faults, which primarily changed from NE to NWW, are controlled by the clockwise transformation of regional stress. The topological structures of each horizon are different, with the topological values near the ZhuIII south fault, ZhuIII 6 fault and ZhuIII 2 fault being higher. The proportion of I nodes in the deep to shallow gradually increases, while the proportion of Y and X nodes gradually decreases. Meanwhile, the proportion of I-I branches gradually increases, and the proportion of I-C and C-C branches gradually decreases. The fractal characteristics from different layers vary. The fractal dimensions of the intersection of the NE fault zone and the NW fault zone are higher, and the fractal dimensions from deep to shallow increased initially and then decreased. Combined with the analysis of Wenchang A sag, we conclude that topological structures and fractal characteristics of the fault systems have a well-coupled relationship with hydrocarbon distribution. Therefore, the overlapping zones of higher topological values and the higher fractal dimensions are favorable development areas f or hydrocarbon reservoirs.
    Comparison of Gravel Layers along the Yangtze River between Yichang and Wuhan
    WANG Heyuan, WANG Zekun, GU Siying, YANG Shuoxuan, ZHAO Ziyao, CHEN Xu
    2024, 30(01):  47-55.  DOI: 10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2022091
    Asbtract ( 66 )   PDF (2101KB) ( 64 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Several thick gravel layers are widely distributed in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, providing useful clues for tracking the evolution of the Yangtze River. Previous studies mainly focused on the chronologies and sedimentary characteristics of gravel layers in local sites, while comparison of gravel layers among different regions has not been extensively investigated. In this study, eleven profiles of gravel layers in Yichang and Wuhan were explored, the morphology and lithology of 1616 gravels were analyzed. Furthermore, geochemical composition of silty sediments intermixed in gravel layers were measured in order to explore the provenance of the sediments, in combination with regional geological conditions. The results show that the dominant inclinations of gravels in the gravel layers of Yichang and Wuhan are different. Gravels in the Yichang gravel layers mainly consist of granite, sandstone, conglomerate and some siliceous rocks. Gravels in Wuhan are dominated by quartzite, with a small amount of flint. Silty sediments in the gravel layers of Yichang are relatively enriched in Ca and Sr, while those in Wuhan are relatively enriched in Fe and Al. Comparison of gravels and silty sediments in the two regions shows that the provenances of gravel layers in the two regions are different. Detritus from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are important sources of the gravel layers in Yichang, while the gravel layers in Wuhan are sourced from the Dabie Mountains. The results of this study provide new evidence for improving our understanding of the provenances of gravel layers in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.
    Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb Ages and Geological Significance of the Late Stage Small Granitic Body in the Middle-Eastern Part of Guidong Complex Massif
    WU Jia, WU Jianhua, LIU Xiaodong, Wang Kaixing, LIU Shuai
    2024, 30(01):  56-71.  DOI: 10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2022079
    Asbtract ( 49 )   PDF (2931KB) ( 40 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The Guidong complex massif composed of multistage and multi-type intrusive mass is the host rock for one of the most important granite-related uranium ore fields. However, up to now, the discovered uranium deposits are only distributed in the eastern part of this complex massif. In order to understand the relations of magmatism to uranium metallogenesis, it is crucial to understand the differences of petrological characteristics and to define the petrogenic ages of intrusive masses both in the eastern part and in middle-west part of Guidong complex massif. Taking the Guiweishan fault as the boundary roughly, the previous studies indicated that Guidong complex massif is dominated by early Yanshanian granitic batholith in the middle-western part and by early Indosinian granitic batholith with late stage mafic dykes in the eastern part. It is generally agreed that the late-stage mafic dykes of Yanshanian ages closely link to uranium mineralization. However, the ages of widely distributed late-stage small granitic bodies in the middle-eastern part of Guidong complex massif are still under debate, and further study is necessary to reveal the spatial-temporal relationship and the possible genetic links of late-stage small granitic bodies to uranium mineralization. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating of the late-stage small granitic bodies in the middle-eastern part of Guidong complex massif was conducted in this paper. The results show that highuranium zircons are common in the late-stage small granitic bodies, which can explain the difference of zircon U-Pb ages from a granite body by different scholars. Eliminating the 206Pb/238U ages with high-uranium zircons in the weighted average age data processing, samples collected from the Aizi, Siqian and Chendong granitic bodies in the western part of the Guiweishan fault yielded the early Yanshanian magmatism with the 206Pb/238U zircon weighted average ages of 163.0±1.6

    Ma, 163.1±1.6 Ma and 160.7±1.9 Ma, respectively. While samples collected from the Maofeng, Fenshuiao and Guiweishan granitic bodies in the eastern part of the Guiweishan fault yielded the Indosinian magmatism with the 206Pb/238U zircon weighted average ages of 230.0±2.7 Ma, 225.9±2.9 Ma and 232.6±3.1 Ma, respectively. Therefore, the ages of the late-stage small granitic bodies in the middle-eastern part of Guidong complex massif are diverse in different locations. As the host rock of uranium deposits, the Indosinian small granites in the eastern part of the Guiweishan fault have the close links to high temperature sericitization type uranium mineralization. And the small granitic bodies may also provide the uranium sources based on the results of previous element geochemical st udies. 

    Elastic Properties of Neoproterozoic Rocks from Xuefengshan Belt, South China
    PU Tengfei
    2024, 30(01):  72-88.  DOI: 10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2022077
    Asbtract ( 44 )   PDF (5226KB) ( 32 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Xuefengshan belt is located in the central part of South China. China’s Sinoprobe Project obtained a 400-kmlong high-resolution seismic-reflection profile across the central South China including Xuefeng-Jiangnan thrust belt. Interpretation of seismic data suggests that there is a hidden orogenic belt under Xuefengshan belt, which is Paleoproterozoic (2.05-1.75ga) and modified by Neoproterozoic rifting. This rifting may be related to the breakup of Rodinia supercontinent, and thus is of great significance for understanding the tectonic evolution history of South China and reconstructing the evolution of supercontinents Rodinia and Columbia. In this paper, the wave velocity characteristics of the low-grade metamorphic sedimentary rocks of the Neoproterozoic Banxi Group and Lengjiaxi Group in the Xuefengshan area are studied using the ultrasonic pulse transmission method. The results show that the wave velocity increases rapidly and nonlinearly with pressure, after the critical pressure, velocity increases slowly and linearly with the pressure. For rocks with lineation and foliation, the fastest wave propagation direction is parallel to the foliation and lineation, and the slowest wave propagation direction is vertical to the foliation and lineation. The anisotropy of rock seismic wave is 2%~12%. The theoretical calculation results are in good agreement with the actual measurement data. Therefore, the experimental measurements of velocity provide velocity data for the seismic data interpretation in Xuefengshan belt. 
    Types and Characteristics of Geoheritage Resources in the Shungeng Mountain, Huainan, Anhui Province
    ZHANG Zikang, GU Chengchuan, WU Jiwen, ZHAO Ming, ZHAN Run, SHAO Qingqing, ZHANG Yuanyuan
    2024, 30(01):  89-99.  DOI: 10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2022063
    Asbtract ( 47 )   PDF (4598KB) ( 50 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The Shungeng Mountain in Huainan, Anhui Province, is tectonically located in the southern thrust-napped belt of the Huainan Coalfield within the North China Craton (NCC) and hosts many natural and artificial exhumed geoheritages. According to the field geological survey, 62 major geoheritage sites have been identified in the Shungeng Mountain, which can be divided into 3 major categories, 8 categories and 14 subcategories. Among them, typical Cambrian-Ordovician sections of the NCC, karst topography, fault structures and mining heritages are well developed and are of high scientific research and ornamental value. Based on the previous studies, the genesis and regional geological background of these geoheritages in the Shungeng Mountain are discussed, which provide a theoretical basis for the proper exploitation of the geoheritage resources. In light of the problems existing in the protection and exploitation of geoheritage resources in the Shungeng Mountain, this paper puts forward suggestions for long -term planning.
    Research on the Construction of Achievement Platform of Fine Reservoir Description of Oilfield Development
    CHEN Huanqing, CHEN Shunxin
    2024, 30(01):  100-109.  DOI: 10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2022084
    Asbtract ( 34 )   PDF (4469KB) ( 33 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Fine reservoir description is one of the most basic works in oilfield development and has always been attached great importance to researchers. At present, the critical problems in fine reservoir description mainly include five aspects: poor inheritance of research results, non-standard storage of basic data, large gap of professional software demand, strengthening the application of the results and non-standard management of the results. Through the construction of fine reservoir description achievement platform, the above problems can be solved from the aspects of basic data preparation, professional software sharing, collaborative research, and standardized storage management of results standards. The fine reservoir description data management mainly includes the statistics and analysis of the overall data information of the project, the collation and statistics of the project research data, the docking of the achievement platform with other data platforms and the data call. The fine reservoir description collaborative research process mainly includes the platform implementation and use of professional software, the conversion and call of intermediate results between different professional software, and the automation implementation and completion of research work. The storage and management of fine reservoir description results mainly include the unified standard of format in result uploading management, quality control in result storage uploading, tracking and updating in r esult production application.
    Research on Ecological Restoration Mode of Abandoned Open Pit Mines along the Yangtze River
    WAN Jiajun, XIA Yinfeng, SHAO Yong, ZHOU Qigang
    2024, 30(01):  110-117.  DOI: 10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2023036
    Asbtract ( 52 )   PDF (2142KB) ( 49 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The ecological restoration of the Yangtze River Basin has been an important part of China’s environmental protection work in recent years. This paper proposes ecological engineering mode, land reclamation mode, landscape reconstruction mode, and natural restoration mode of ecological restoration, based on the current situation of abandoned open-pit mines in the Yangtze River Basin (within Jiangsu province) and a large number of practical restoration experiences. The characteristics and applicability of these four Modes are elaborated, providing a reference for the ecological restoration of abandoned mines. An abandoned open-pit mine ecological restoration project along the coast of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province was introduced in detail as an example. The main issues in the development of geological disaster risks, the destruction of ecological environment and landscape, and the waste of land resource are identified through the analysis of ecological environmental problems. The ecological restoration of the abandoned mine was carried out successfully following the ecological engineering mode, resulting in good ec ological, social, and economic benefits.