The technique of improving soil by enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation is called EICP, which has attracted more and more attention over the past decade due to its wide application. The article describes the mechanism of EICP and summarizes the extraction methods of plant urease and bacterial urease. In addition, the influence of factors such as urease, calcium source, urea, skimmed milk powder, temperature and pH on the cementing effects of EICP is explored. Furthermore, methods for testing the strength, calcium carbonate content, microstructure and composition of EICP reinforced samples are summarized, and the application of EICP in geotechnical engineering is evaluated. The purpose of this article is to summarize the current status of EICP research and potential problems that need to be overcome in future research.