Basin classification has always been an important aspect of basin tectonic studies. However, most classical basin
classification schemes focus on prototype basins and emphasize the close relationship between single-cycle basin and hydrocarbon accumulation. But, the majority of basins have undergone multi-stage tectonic evolution, thereby developing into superimposed basins. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a classification system for superimposed basins. The classification of superimposed basins should fully reflect their multi-cycle tectonic evolution and the inheritance and transformation of structures, integrating petroleum geological characteristics so as to directly and effectively serve oil and gas exploration in hydrocarbon-bearing basins, as well as the comparison and evaluation between basins. Based on a review of classical basin classification schemes, this paper proposes principles and a classification scheme for superimposed basins. In classifying superimposed basins, in addition to considering the prototype basin type determined by the tectonic setting at a particular stage of basin evolution, it is essential to focus on the transformation and inheritance of structural characteristics between two phases of basin formation. Based on these principles, superimposed basins are classified into four types: positive inversion basins, negative inversion basins, inherited rift basins, and inherited foreland basins. On this basis, the global distribution of superimposed basins and their implications for hydrocarbon resources are analyzed.