Abstract: Junggar Basin is one of the biggest oil and gas bearing basins in China. Junggar Basin lies among the A1taiorogen on south flank of Siberia plate, the Kazakstan plate and the Tianshan fold belt.It is a Late Paleozoic,Mesozoic, and Cenozoic compressional superimposed basin,experienced the effects Hercynian orogeny,indosinian,Yanshannian and Himalayan orogenisms and was resulted in a complex tectonic frame work.Junggar Basin developed on the basis of Junggar terrain. The terrain consists of Precambrin crystal basement which was formed before 800Ma at least.It consists of“dual basement and four-layers structure”. The crust thinning took place in some parts of the basin.So,the evolution falls into two stages i.e.the first stage,the evolution of the Junggar terrane and the second stage,the evolution of the basin. During the whole Lower Paleozoic,the terrane was in the stable evolution of the terrane.The termin Dassed through three stages and came into being the Junggar Basin：(1)the terrane evolution;(2)the oceanic crust comsumption;(3)the accretion and collage of the terrain and the plates.Based on the structure-layers and the progress of the basin research,the fonnation and evolution of the Junggar Basin has divided into six stages：(1)the formation of the terrain;(2)the evolution of the terrain;(3)the collage of the terrain and the plates and the formation of the enbryonic：(4)foreland basin stage; (5)the intacontinental depression stage;(6)the regeneration fore1and basin.The latter three stages are related to the accumulation of petro1oum and nature gas.