大类招生和培养是中国高等教育改革中提出的新模式，对原有的专业基础课程教学带来诸多挑战。文章分析了南京大学地球系统科学与环境大类人才培养体系中《普通地质学》课程教学所面临的主要问题，介绍了笔者近年来采取的一系列教学改革措施和实践效果。其目标是使学生拓宽学术视野、坚实专业基础、提升职业发展潜力和提高原始创新能力。

Major category-based admission and cultivation is a new mode of high education of China, and it challenges the teaching of previous basic courses. This paper summarizes the major problems encountered in teaching of Physical Geology for the category of Earth System Science and Environment of Nanjing University, and introduces our solutions for reforming and refining teaching and the practice result in the past several years. The purpose is to cultivate high level talents in Earth Sciences satisfying the standards of wide academic vision, solid professional competence, highly capable performance and qualified original innovation.