汤山温泉是中国四大著名温泉疗养胜地之一,阐明其成因模式对于该温泉区的进一步开发和热水资源的可持续利用 具有一定意义。基于硅-焓图解法和水文地球化学方法对其进行了系统研究,结果表明该区热储温度为 90°C,岩溶热水与 岩溶冷水、孔隙潜水和地表水之间在水化学和同位素组成上存在明显差异,地热井深度越大,冷水混入相对较少,地热水 温度相对较高。经分析,该地热系统成因上属于中低温对流型。其补给区主要来自汤山山体 (宁镇山区) 及句容盆地东侧 茅山山脉,循环深度为 2.6~2.9 km,地热水通过汤山-东昌街断裂在浅部与区内 NW 向断裂、NE 向断裂交汇形成温泉水。

Tangshan hot spring is one of the four great spa resorts of China. We conducted a systematic study to explore the genesis mechanism through a graphical method using a plot of dissolved silica versus enthalpy and a hydrogeochemical investigation, for the purpose of further exploration and sustainable use of the geothermal resources of this regon. The thermal reservoir temperature has been estimated to be 90°C, and the hydrochemical and isotopic compositions of the karst-geothermal water are different from those of the karst-cold water, pore water and surface water. Moreover, a higher temperature occurs in a deeper geothermal well than in a shallower well and less cold water is mixed in a deeper than a shallower well. Based on these data, a genesis model of the Tangshan hot spring has been postulated to be a low-medium temperature geothermal system of a convective type. The recharge area is located in the Tangshan mountain (known as Nanjing-Zhenjiang Ridge) as well as the Maoshan Ridge situated in the east of Jurong Basin, with a water circulation depth at 2.6~2.9 km. The geothermal water flows upward in Tangshan hot spring area through the Tangshan-Dongchangjie Fault in the intersection zones of the NW-and NE-striking faults.