Abstract: In 1993，two very important human skulls and a number of mammal remains of Middle Pleistocene age were discovered from the Huludong karst cave．Which is situated on the Tangshan Hills，about 26 km east of Nanjing．It is interest to note that the Homo erectus of Nanjing，especiously the skull No.1, from the Huludong karst cave is more complete than those from the Zhoukoudian (according to the present preserved materials)．In 1992，the initial investigation of the Huludong karst cave was carried out by Mu Xinan，Xu Hankui，Mu Daocheng and Zhong Shilan ．In 1993, the earliest relevant papers were published separately by Mu Xinan et a1．and Xu Qinqi et a1．They essentially reported for the first time that the Homo erectus No.1 was a young woman，21-35 years old．The mammals represented a northern fauna type of Middle Pleistocene age in China．Afterwards，in December of 2002，a comprehensive monograph 《Homo erectus from Nanjing》was published (Wu Rukang，Li Xingxue，Wu Xinzhi and Mu Xinan，eds．)．It contains more than ten research fields．A series of valuable conclusions are drawn out and new evidences for the human evolution of China are also provided ．