Abstract: Fracture behavior，failure process and parameter determination of the rock specimens are the basis for research on the fissure fault structures．Experimental rock specimens were collected from the eastern Sichuan and northern Xinjiang provinces，and the stress isopleths to the rock specimens were calculated with a finite element method(FEM)for accurate determination．Based on the failure observation and curve comparison of rock specimens from the uniaxial and triaxial experiments，the fracture behavior and stress-strain of the rocks can be divided into four stages，the fissure pressure-airtightness stage，the elastic deformation stage，the microscopic split stage and the macroscopic fracture stage．Through the microscopic analysis of developing process of the rock split-fracture-smash from the uniaxial pressure experiment, it is found that the macroscopic fractures are mainly developed along the primitive hidden fissures and critical fissures，and formation of many new fisures mainly occurs in the macroscopic fracture stage．