Abstract: It is of great significance to understand the evolution of geological structures of mid-ocean ridges with the surface
morphology of the ocean floor near a mid-ocean ridge. Because of thin sedimentary cover, the structure and distribution of ocean floors
directly reflect the lithospheric characters of oceanic crusts and the expansion of mid-ocean ridges. Multi-beam echo sounding
technology plays a vital role in ocean explorations because it is one of important methods in marine scientific research, benthonic
resource exploitation, and ocean engineering construction. The multi-beam terrain data provide a more convenient way to study ocean
floor structures near mid-ocean ridges. In this paper, we use different expansion rates of ridge near 50 m precision of multi-beam terrain
data, based on the multi-scale space analysis method, using different sliding windows and automatic threshold recognition and
extraction of terrain near mid-ocean ridges to the maximum, minimum curvatures and slopes, and the structures of the mid-ocean ridges
according to this interpretation. For mid-ocean ridges in the Atlantic and eastern Pacific Oceans, two quantitative analysis of the test
results show that, based on the terrain surface curvatures and slopes of the mid-ocean ridge, the structural interpretation method is
effective and feasible and the results for the mid-ocean ridge tectonic style interpretations provide an important reference. However, in
comparison, application to slow spreading of mid-ocean ridges with 50 m accuracy is better than that of the rapid spreading of
mid-ocean ridges, which may be related to the size of faults and the development law of different rifting rates.

Key words: multi-beam echo sounding technology, mid-ocean ridges, structure interpretation, multi-scale space analysis, sliding window, spreading rate