Abstract: There exist two opposite opinions in understanding of the geotectonic framework and crustal evolution of south China for a long time. The one is that the South China is considered to be the 《Cathaysia Old Land》, or the Proterozoic~Archean 《Cathaysia Block》, or the 《United Yantze-Cathaysia Old Land》. The other opinion (including the authors’) regards that the South China does not have old metamorphic basement (except some small old terranes), but is a geosynclinal fold region developed on the paleo-oceanic crust. It begin at Orosian period (2050 Ma). Its western boundary is the Wuling fault zone, neighboring with the Southwest China Platform. Generally speaking, the northern boundary of the South China is considered to be the Yantze River fault zone; but, more correctly, the North China Platform. On the basis of long time research by the Geology Department of Nanjing University and other geologists, a large database, such as sedimentary facies of flysh or turbidite formation and its large thickness, ophiolites, spilite-keratophyre, andesite belts, index fossils of Paleozoic Era and collected reliable isotopic geochoronological data, the present authors propose the conclusion that the major geotectonic units of South China from NW to SE and from Proterozoic to Cenozoic can be classified into five orogenic belts: ① the Wuling-Xuefengian-Zhoushan oroganic belt (2050 ~ 1000±100Ma, or Hundason cycle). It is bounded in west with the Southwest China Platform；② the Sinian-Caledonian orogenic belt (1000±100 ~ 400 Ma, or Greenville cycle)；③ the Hercynian orogenic belts (400 ~ 250 Ma), ④the Indosinian-Yanshanian volcanic belt，controlled by subduction of the Kula-Pacific plate and Tethyan-Pacific plate (200 ~ 100 Ma)；⑤ Taidong Himalayan volcanic arc controlled by subduction of the Phillippines Sea plate or the Pacific plate.Due to discovery of Caledonian metamorphic rocks to the east of the Zhenghe-Dapu fault zone, the boundary of the Sinian-Caledonan fold belt and the Hercynian fold belt may be located near the Changle-Nanao fault zone.