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关于天然放射性的成因

许靖华, Chen Min-pen, Huang Chao-kai   

  1. 1. Tarim Associaties A G, Frohburgstrasse 96, CH8006, Zurich, Switzerland; 2. National Taiwan University, Taibei, Taiwan, China
  • 收稿日期:2003-03-20 修回日期:2003-03-20 出版日期:2003-03-20 发布日期:2003-03-20

Origin 0f Natural Radioactivity

Kenneth J Hsu, Chen Min-pen, Huang Chao-kai   

  1. 1. Tarim Associaties A G, Frohburgstrasse 96, CH8006, Zurich, Switzerland; 2. National Taiwan University, Taibei, Taiwan, China
  • Received:2003-03-20 Revised:2003-03-20 Online:2003-03-20 Published:2003-03-20

摘要: 天然放射性衰变通常被认为是自发性的行为,并且这种衰变有一个恒定的半衰期,尽管有一些实验和经验性的证据对上述基本理论曾提出质疑。许靖华(1994)提出过这方面的问题-衰变作用是否是自发性行为?以及衰变作用是否是粒子与粒子之间相互作用的结果?为了检验β衰变是由中微子与中子相互作用的结果这一论点,对C-14衰变进行实验监测。我们的研究假设,β衰变速率的变化与中微子流的数量之间呈相关关系。在一个短实验周期里,具有较长半衰期的C-14样品的衰变速率应该是一个近似常数。然而我们的实验发现,检测到的衰变速率偏离理论值达1%。这种变化的信号强度超过本底噪声1000倍以上。曾经有一种假说提到,β衰变是由于中子与太阳发出的中微子碰撞产生的,而上述变化与太阳活动无关。经过一年半的实验检测,发现该衰变速率与在北京测量到的宇宙射线强度呈正相关关系。这一结果与作者提出的,β衰变是被宇宙射线的中微子激活的假说相符合。

Abstract: Natural radioactive decays have been assumed spontaneous.The decays are said to have a constant half-life,despite of experimental and empirical evidence to the contrary.Hsu raised the question if decays are spontaneous,or if they are particle-particle interactions(Hsu K J,1994).A test of the postulate that beta-decay is a neutrino-neutron interaction has been carried through experimental monitoring of C-14 decay.Our working hypothesis predicted a correlation of the variation of beta-decay rate to the flux of neutrinos.The decay rate of the C-14 sample with its long half-life should be nearly constant during the short duration of the experiment.Our experiments have found,however,rates deviating up to 1% from the theoretical value.The signals of the variation are about 1 000 times greater than the background noise.The variation is not correlative to solar activities,falsifying an assumption that beta decay is caused by collisions of neutrons with solar neutrinos .There is,however,a positive correlation of the decay rate,during a one and one-half year interval to the intensity of cosmic rays measured at Beijing.The results are consistent with the postulate that beta-decay is activated by neutrinos from cosmic rays .