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勘探异常压力天然气藏的新思路:探明非常规天然气资源的关键要素

Ronald C.Surdam, 焦尊生, Yuri Ganshin   

  1. Innovative Discovery Technologies,LLC in Laramie,WY 82072 USA
  • 收稿日期:2003-09-20 修回日期:2003-09-20 出版日期:2003-09-20 发布日期:2003-09-20

A New Approach to Exploring for Anomalously Pressured Gas Accumulations: The Key to Unlocking Huge, Unconventional Gas Resources

Ronald C.Surdam, Zun sheng-Jiao, Yuri Ganshin   

  1. Innovative Discovery Technologies,LLC in Laramie,WY 82072 USA
  • Received:2003-09-20 Revised:2003-09-20 Online:2003-09-20 Published:2003-09-20

摘要: 异常压力天然气藏(Anomalously Pressured Gas,APG)主要指“盆地中心”天然气系统(BCGS)中,天然气含量丰富,但开发程度相对较低的天然气资源。例如,美国怀俄明州Wind River盆地的面积约为8500mi^2,其USGS异常压力天然气资源量估计是900Tcf,但目前产气量累积不足1Tcf。丰富的天然气资源与开发程度的不平衡在所有“盆地中心”异常压力天然气藏中是很典型的。因此,对于蕴藏在BCGS中极其丰富的天然气资源,尚待更为有效的开发。过去,开发APG资源困难且昂贵,但最近怀俄明州Greater Green River和Wind River盆地的开发成功,以及早些时候阿尔伯达、Denver—Julesburg和San Juan盆地的成功开发均表明,更为有效的开发是做得到的。最重要的是,当异常压力天然气藏的开发取得成功的时候,财政上的回报是显著的。为了更充分地开发盆地中心APG资源,大幅度提高天然气资源转换为能源储量的比率和数量,则需要新的和更富有创新性的开发策略、技术和判断方法。经过多年的努力,天然气新技术开发公司(IDT)的研究团队已经研发出一系列高效勘探和开发异常压力天然气藏的新的有效方法。应用IDT技术可以在钻井之前为开发者提供下列必要的信息:(1)天然气饱和的岩石/流体系统的空间分布,包括压力封存箱边界;(2)区域压力界面或正常和异常压力(或超压,或欠压)的流体之间界线的位置和性质;(3)流体中天然气和水含量的确定;(4)微裂缝群的识别和空间分布;(5)断层的方位和时序;(6)储层属性特征。借助由IDT技术所提供的油气系统的信息,可以使开发者设计并应用最优化钻井方案,从而避免当前与含气异常压力地层开发有关的许多灾难性的陷阱。

Abstract: Anomalously pressured gas(APG)accumulations,commonly denoted “basin-center” gas systems(BCGS),represent a huge,largely undeveloped gas resource.For example,in the Wind River Basin,Wyoming,which is approximately 8 500 mi2 in area,the USGS estimates the in-place anomalously pressured gas resource is 900 Tcf. The cumulative production to date from the anomalously pressured portion of the stratigraphic section in the Wind River Basin is less than 1 Tcf.This type of gas in-place to production imbalance is typical of all anomalously pressured,“basin-centered” gas accumulations.The huge, underdeveloped gas resources occurring in BCGS need to be more effectively exploited.In the past, the exploitation of APG resources has been difficult and costly,but recent successes in the Greater Green River and Wind River basins,W Y ,and relatively older successes in the Alberta,Denver-Julesburg,and San Juan basins,demonstrate that more effective exploitation is achievable.Most importantly,when success is achieved in the exploitation of an anomalously pressured gas accumulation,the financial awards can be outstanding.I agree that to more fully exploit the APG resources in so-called basin-center configurations will require new and more innovative exploration strategies,technologies, and diagnostic techniques,all with the dedicated objective of substantially increasing the rate and magnitude of convetting these gas resources to energy reserves. The research group at Innovative Discovery Technologies(IDT)has developed a new and effective w ay to efficiently explore and exploit anomalously pressured gas accumulations. Application of the IDT technology provides the operator,prior to drilling,with the following essential information:(1)the spatial distribution of gas-charged rock/fluid systems,including pressure compartment boundaries;(2)the location and nature of the regional pressure surface boundary,or boundary between normally and anomalously pressured fluid (either under-or overpressured);(3)the determination of gas and water content in the fluid;(4)the identification and spatial distribution of microfracture swarms;(5)the orientation and timing of faults;and(6)the nature of reservoir attributes. With the specialized information yielded by the IDT approach optimum drilling and completion practices can be designed and employed that will enable operators to avoid the many disastrous pitfalls currently associated with exploitation of gas.charged,anomalously pressured formations.