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高校地质学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (03): 322-335.DOI: 10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2024011

• 青年地质学家专辑(Ⅰ) • 上一篇    下一篇

真菌促进硅酸盐矿物风化的速率、机制以及地质、地球化学效应

李子波1*,陆现彩2,滕 辉3,刘连文2,郄文昆1,庞 科1,张文轩1,季峻峰2,陈 骏2
  

  1. 1. 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,古生物学与油气地层应用重点实验室,南京 210008;
    2. 表生地球化学教育部重点实验室,南京大学 地球科学与工程学院,南京 210023;
    3. 表层地球系统科学研究院,天津大学 地球系统科学学院,天津 300072
  • 出版日期:2024-07-03 发布日期:2024-07-03

Rate, Mechanism, and Geological and Geochemical Effects of Fungi Oromoting Silicate Mineral Weathering

LI Zibo1*,LU Xianca2,TENG HuiHenry3,LIU Lianwen2,QIE Wenkun1,PANG Ke1,ZHANG Wenxuan1, JI Junfeng2, CHEN Jun2#br#   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
    3. Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
  • Online:2024-07-03 Published:2024-07-03

摘要: 真菌分布广泛,从地球表层到深达1.4 km的陆壳都可以找到它们的存在。根据它们的生态习性和营养方式,真菌可分为腐生、共生和寄生真菌。菌丝是真菌的基本结构单位。真菌的菌丝通过其顶端延长的生长方式和强大的代谢能力,在硅酸盐矿物的风化过程中发挥独特的作用,尤其是对含有营养元素的硅酸盐矿物。这一过程调控着成壤、成矿,以及元素的生物地球化学循环等重要地质与地球化学过程。但是,真菌在硅酸盐自然风化过程中发挥的作用一直没有受到足够的重视。本文首先梳理了真菌的生长方式,旨在阐明其促进硅酸盐矿物风化的速率、机制以及对硅酸盐矿物自然风化的贡献。通过文献回顾并结合全球变化的背景,本文提出了未来相关工作重点攻关方向;(1)进一步限定真菌在自然环境中对硅酸盐矿物风化的贡献;(2)阐明真菌促进的硅酸盐矿物风化与地质、地球化学过程的偶联;(3)应用功能真菌提高陆地增强硅酸盐风化(enhanced silicate weathering)的碳去除效率。这些研究将深化对真菌在地表关键过程中扮演角色的认识,为地球系统模型(GEOCARB、COPSE和SCION)提供重要信息,提高不同圈层相互作用预测的准确性,并为增强硅酸盐风化实现高效固碳提供新途径和科学依据。

关键词: 真菌, 硅酸盐矿物, 碳循环, 固碳, 地球系统

Abstract: Fungi are widespread and can be found from the Earth’s surface to depths of up to 1.4 km in the continental crust. Based on their ecological habits and nutritional modes, fungi can be categorized as saprotrophic, symbiotic, or parasitic. Hyphae are the basic structural units of fungi. Through their tip-elongated growth and robust metabolic capabilities, fungal hyphae play a unique role in the weathering of silicate minerals, especially those containing nutrient elements. This process regulates essential geological and geochemical processes such as soil formation, mineralization, and the biogeochemical cycling of elements. However, the role of fungi in natural silicate weathering has been relatively overlooked. Our review starts by examining fungal growth patterns, aiming to elucidate their impact on the rate and mechanisms of silicate mineral weathering, as well as their contribution to natural silicate weathering. Through a literature review and in the context of global change, we propose key areas of focus for future research: (1) further quantifying the contribution of fungi to silicate mineral weathering in natural environments, (2) clarifying the coupling of fungal-promoted silicate mineral weathering with geological and geochemical processes, and (3) leveraging functional fungi to improve the efficiency of terrestrial enhanced silicate weathering for carbon removal. These investigations will deepen our understanding of the role of fungi in key surface processes, provide important information for Earth system models (GEOCARB, COPSE, and SCION), enhance the accuracy of predictions regarding the interactions of different spheres in Earth systems, and offer new methods and scientific evidence for the effective carbon sequestration through enhanced silicate weathering.

Key words: fungi, silicate minerals, carbon cycle, carbon sequestration, earth system

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